This video shows new concept for hydration pack design… the whole process is similar to what Phil studied in Industrial Design @ DAAP – http://vimeo.com/74230142

A Mile in Her Shoes: Educational Materials and Fundraising Ideas to Increase Awareness of the African Well Fund – http://www.africanwellfund.org/EducationalKit08.pdf

Domestic water carrying and its implications for health (lots of good data sets) – http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2939590/

20Liters.org – nonprofit org

Water wheel website http://wellowater.org/the-waterwheel/

Backpack safety for kids: http://kidshealth.org/parent/positive/learning/backpack.html

Infos on carrying water in developing countries:

• Volume: usually between 20-25 litre plastic buckets or drums

• Distance mean: 337 meter; Range: 40-650 meters

• 20 liter = 5 gallons = 44 pounds

• 20 liter per person per day for adequate drinking and personal hygiene

• people living farther than 1 kilometer to water usually use less than 5 liters per day

• American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) recommend that kids carry packs of no more than 10% to 15% of their body weight

  • 50 lbs kid = 5-8 lbs water

  • 100 lbs kid = 10-15 lbs water = appx

• Water has a mass density of 1 gm/1cm³

• 1 liter = 1000 cm³ = 1000 cc = 1000 ml = 1000 gram = 1 kilogram

  • 1 liter water = 0.25 gallon = 2.2 lbs

  • 20 liters = 5 gallons = 44 lbs

Info on backpack / camel pack / hydration pack

• padded shoulder straps

• padded back

• waist belt

• multiple compartments

Designs / reservoir brands:

Tactical 3L hydration pack – http://source-military.com/product.php?id_product=74 (video)

Platypus Sprinter XT 25 (med/large) http://www.cascadedesigns.com/platypus/hydration-packs/hike/sprinter-xt-25/product

• 3 liters = 20-22 liters

• pack weight: 2 lbs 2 oz

• reservoir weight: 5.8 oz

Materials – camelpack reservoir

1. Heavy duty ballistic nylon developed by DuPont

   1. http://www.geigerrig.com/hydration-packs/materials-ballistic-nylon.html

2. Technology used in materials – http://source-military.com/hiking-gear/6-hydration-technology

   1. Glass-Like™ Film Technology – nylon lining

   2. Taste-Free™ – BPA- and antimicrobial treatment for taste-free lining

   3. Grunge-Guard™ Technology

   4. Low Maintenance – protected with antimicrobial treatment

3. MSR Hydromedary hydration systems use 200-denier Cordura material

   1. http://www.cascadedesigns.com/msr/water-treatment-and-hydration/basecamp-water-treatment-and-hydration/hydromedary-hydration-system/product

Materials – collapsible silicone – TPE material – Thermoplastic Elastomers

1. seems to be limited to square, rectangle, or circle shapes for collapsible shapes?

2. not sure if circular rectangle shape would be feasible?

Water crisis in developing world:  http://water.org/water-crisis/water-facts/water/

• More than 3.4 million people die each year from water, sanitation, and hygiene-related causes. Nearly all deaths, 99 percent, occur in the developing world.3

• Lack of access to clean water and sanitation kills children at a rate equivalent of a jumbo jet crashing every four hours.

• Of the 60 million people added to the world’s towns and cities every year, most move to informal settlements (i.e. slums) with no sanitation facilities.

• 780 million people lack access to an improved water source; approximately one in nine people.

• “[The water and sanitation] crisis claims more lives through disease than any war claims through guns.”

• An American taking a five-minute shower uses more water than the average person in a developing country slum uses for an entire day.

• Over 2.5X more people lack water than live in the United States.

• More people have a mobile phone than a toilet.

• https://www.google.com/#q=water+in+developing+countries+facts